At The Farm at Brookside, we understand that rehabilitation for horses plays a critical role in ensuring a full and safe return to regular activities, and it must be tailored to the specific needs of each individual animal. Whether a horse is recovering from an injury, managing a chronic condition, or simply overcoming the wear and tear of an active lifestyle, a structured rehabilitation program is essential. This article outlines the three main phases of rehabilitation for horses: Initial Assessment, Treatment, and Recovery; Rehabilitation; and Return to Regular Activities. By following these structured phases, owners and caretakers can support their horses through a complete and thoughtful recovery process.
Table of Contents
Phase 1: Initial Assessment, Treatment, and Recovery
The first step in rehabilitation for horses is the initial assessment. A veterinarian will perform a complete physical and diagnostic evaluation to determine the nature and extent of the issue. Diagnostic imaging such as X-rays, ultrasounds, and MRIs may be used to identify bone and soft tissue (muscle, tendon, ligament) injuries or ailments.
Accurate diagnosis is essential to formulating a treatment plan. This initial phase often includes medical intervention, such as anti-inflammatory medications, antibiotics for infections, or surgical procedures if necessary. Pain management is also a top priority during this period. Horses may be placed on stall rest or limited turnout to allow healing and to prevent further injury or worsening of the ailment.
The duration of this phase depends on the type and severity of injury/ailment. The goal is to stabilize the horse’s condition and promote healing. Monitoring vital signs, maintaining hydration and nutrition, and minimizing stress all can contribute to the horse’s well-being and support the recovery process.
A critical part of this phase includes the caregiver. Knowing how to monitor swelling, lameness, and changes in appetite or behavior ensures timely updates to the veterinary team. This communication is vital to adjusting the treatment plan as the horse begins to show signs of improvement.
Phase 2: Rehabilitation
Once the horse has progressed past the acute phase, structured rehabilitation can begin. This can be the longest and most involved phase of the recovery process. Rehabilitation for horses during this stage involves gradual reintroduction of movement, therapies to enhance healing, and conditioning programs to rebuild strength and coordination.
Controlled Movement and Exercise
A first step in rehabilitation for horses during this phase can be controlled movement/exercise. Hand-walking or walking under saddle may be introduced depending on veterinary recommendation. The goal is to reintroduce correct movement patterns. If progress is made, movement/exercise can carefully increase in difficulty and duration. If basic muscle tone returns, specific customized exercises can be added to address the horse’s needs. Finally, ridden work can be added. Careful attention should be given to saddle and bridle fit, the length of time the horse carries weight, and the gradual increase in exercise complexity. Ridden work can focus on balance and stability. (Ryan, Mad Barn)
In rehabilitation for horses, exercise programs are introduced in small increments, with close monitoring of the horse’s response. If any swelling, discomfort, or lameness arises, the program can be adjusted accordingly.
Cold Laser Therapy
One therapeutic modality that has become increasingly popular in rehabilitation for horses is cold laser therapy. Also known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), this treatment uses specific wavelengths of light with the goal of providing pain relief, reducing inflammation, and speeding the healing process.
This therapy is believed to relieve pain by stimulating release of the natural painkillers beta-endorphins and the “feel-good” hormone serotonin. Acetylcholine activity may also be enhanced, and this can lead to reduced perception of pain.
Laser therapy is believed to reduce inflammation by increasing circulation to injured/infected areas. The increased blood flow can remove waste from the inflammatory response and provide new immune cells to fight any infection. Inflammation itself can be a cause of pain, so by reducing inflammation, laser therapy would also reduce pain.
Laser therapy is believed to speed healing by increasing tissue cell division and growth, and by increasing collagen production. Collagen is a main element in connective tissue, and increased collagen in healing tissues can in turn increase strength and resilience.
In rehabilitation for horses, cold laser therapy includes other important benefits. Sessions are non-invasive, painless, and relatively short in duration. They can be easy to integrate into a horse’s daily rehab routine. Rehabilitation programs may include cold laser therapy for conditions such as osteoarthritis, strained tendons, and chronic back pain.
Vibration Stimulation Therapy
Another technique being used in rehabilitation for horses is vibration stimulation therapy. This method involves exposing the horse to low-frequency mechanical vibrations, typically through a specialized platform that the horse stands on. Vibration stimulation potentially may stimulate circulation and muscle contractions, and aid in the healing process.
For vibration stimulation therapy and cold laser therapy, it is important to follow protocols established by trained professionals to avoid overexposure or incorrect usage.
Complementary Therapies
In addition to cold laser and vibration stimulation, rehabilitation for horses may include massage therapy, hydrotherapy, chiropractic adjustments, and acupuncture. Each therapy targets a different aspect of the recovery process and can be customized to suit the individual horse’s needs.
Throughout this phase, nutrition also plays a critical role. Feeding a diet balanced in protein, vitamins, and minerals supports tissue repair and maintains muscle condition. Nutritional supplements, such as those formulated for joint or muscle health, may be introduced upon veterinary recommendation.
Phase 3: Return to Regular Activities
The final phase of rehabilitation for horses involves reintroducing them to their normal routines and workloads. This stage should be approached with caution, as rushing the process can lead to re-injury and setbacks. A veterinarian can determine if the horse is ready and if any long-term or permanent changes are needed for routines and workloads.
Monitoring and Evaluation
Close observation is essential. Caregivers and trainers can keep a record of the type, duration, and difficulty of regular daily exercises and how well the horse performs. They can check for any signs of swelling, soreness, atypical movement, or behavioral changes and note occurrences that are potential setbacks needing immediate attention. Caregivers and trainers can also set up regular veterinary check-ups to assess progress. This continual monitoring can help in deciding whether the return process should be adjusted.
Mental Well-being
Rehabilitation for horses is not only physical but also psychological. Horses that have been on stall rest or limited movement may experience boredom or anxiety. Incorporating enrichment activities, turnout time, and social interaction can support mental health. A relaxed, confident horse may be more likely to return successfully to previous activity levels.
Conclusion
Rehabilitation for horses is a comprehensive, multi-phase process that addresses both the physical and emotional needs of the animal. From the initial assessment and treatment to the detailed rehabilitation phase and finally the return to regular activities, each phase plays a crucial role in ensuring a successful recovery.
At The Farm at Brookside, we are committed to supporting horses through every step of their journey. Our team understands that no two horses are the same, and we believe in crafting individualized rehabilitation plans that combine science-backed therapies and attentive care.
Whether you’re helping a performance horse recover from injury or supporting an aging companion through chronic conditions, effective rehabilitation for horses can improve quality of life, extend athletic careers, and restore well-being.
For more information about our facilities and services, visit us at thefarmatbrookside.com.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is the purpose of rehabilitation for horses?
A: Rehabilitation for horses aims to help horses recover from injury, illness, or periods of inactivity and, if possible, return to their regular activities. The process begins with initial assessment, treatment, and recovery. It continues with a period of therapies tailored to the horse’s needs. It concludes with a return to regular activities, guided by continual monitoring and adjustments as needed.
Q: How long does horse rehabilitation typically take?
A: Duration can depend on the injury/ailment, but rehabilitation generally can take weeks to several months. Each phase should be tailored to the individual horse.
Q: Is cold laser therapy safe for horses?
A: Yes, cold laser therapy is generally considered safe and non-invasive when administered by trained professionals.
Q: What are signs a horse is ready to return to work?
A: Consistent soundness, no swelling or discomfort, and veterinary clearance can signal that a horse may be ready to return.
Sources:
Cavinder, Clay, Mississippi State University Extension. “Does Vibration Stimulation Offer an Effective Therapeutic Advantage to Performance Horses?.” extension.msstate.edu. Accessed 25 June 2025. https://extension.msstate.edu/publications/does-vibration-stimulation-offer-effective-therapeutic-advantage-performance-horses.
Ryan, Lucia K. (Author), Kerley, Brittany (Reviewer), Ricard, Madison (Veterinary Reviewer). “Laser Therapy for Horses: Uses, Protocols and Side Effects.” madbarn.com. 28 April 2025 (Updated), 4 October 2024 (Published). https://madbarn.com/equine-laser-therapy/.
Ryan, Lucia K. (Author), Latham, Christine (Reviewer), Rowe, Fran (Veterinary Reviewer). “Equine Rehabilitation Programs: What to Expect When Your Horse is Recovering.” madbarn.com. 1 May 2025 (Updated), 24 December 2024 (Published). https://madbarn.com/equine-rehabilitation-guide/.
